What are the rules of reported speech?

Everyday Grammar: You Can Master Reported Speech

Rules for reporting speech. ...
The first rule is to choose a reporting verb and tense. ...
The second rule is to change the perspective, or point of view. ...
Next, choose whether to include "that or "if." ...
The fourth rule is to "backshift" the tense. ...
Reporting on questions.

What is indirect speech with example?

When we want to report what someone said without speech marks and without necessarily using exactly the same words, we can use indirect speech (also called reported speech). For example: Direct speech: “We're quite cold in here.” Indirect speech: They say (that) they're cold.

What are the types of reported speech?

There are two main types of reported speech: direct speech and indirect speech.

How do you convert direct speech to indirect speech?

General rules for changing direct speech into indirect speech. Omit all inverted commas or quotation marks. End the sentence with a full stop. If the verb inside the inverted commas/quotation marks is in the present tense, change it into the corresponding past tense.

How do you write direct speech and indirect speech?

He said he had been teaching earlier. Mary said, “I have been writing this essay.” Mary said that he had been writing that essay....

What is the rule of direct and indirect speech?

Indirect Speech for all Tenses - Rules
DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECH
PAST SIMPLE changes into PAST PERFECT
He said, “I started a Job”. He said that he had started a job.
She said, “I bought a new car”. She said that she had bought a new car.
They said, “We went to a market” They that they had gone to a market.

DIRECT SPEECH	INDIRECT SPEECH
PAST SIMPLE changes into PAST PERFECT
He said, “I started a Job”.	He said that he had started a job.
She said, “I bought a new car”.	She said that she had bought a new car.
They said, “We went to a market”	They that they had gone to a market.

What is direct speech and indirect speech with examples?

Direct speech describes when something is being repeated exactly as it was – usually in between a pair of inverted commas. ... An obvious difference is that with indirect speech, you won't use inverted commas. For example: She said to me that she would come home by 10pm.

How do you form an indirect speech?

Usually indirect speech is introduced by the verb said, as in I said, Bill said, or they said. Using the verb say in this tense, indicates that something was said in the past. In these cases, the main verb in the reported sentence is put in the past.

What will you become in indirect speech?

To convert a direct speech into Indirect Speech, the pronoun (subject or object) a sentence is changed. ... In the above example, the pronoun (I) is changed to pronoun (he) in Indirect Speech. This sentence has two parts: a reporting verb (e.g. He said) and a reported speech (e.g. I like music).

What is free indirect speech with examples?

For example: Kate looked at her bank statement. “Why did I spend my money so recklessly?” With indirect speech, the narrator reports the character's thoughts or words using verbs like “said” or “thought.” For example: Kate looked at her bank statement. She asked herself why she'd spent her money so recklessly.

What is direct characterization?

Direct characterization, or explicit characterization, is a method of describing the character in a straightforward manner: through their physical description (i.e. blue eyes), their line of work (i.e. lawyer), and their passions and outside pursuits (i.e. voracious reader).

What is free direct speech?

Free direct speech lacks a reporting clause to show the shift from narration to reporting; it is often used in fiction to represent the mental reactions of characters to what they see or experience.

What is an unreliable character?

An unreliable narrator is an untrustworthy storyteller, most often used in narratives with a first-person point of view. The unreliable narrator is either deliberately deceptive or unintentionally misguided, forcing the reader to question their credibility as a storyteller.

Which is the best definition of an unreliable narrator?

A narrator who does not tell the truth as most people see it.

How do you identify an unreliable narrator?

Signals of unreliable narration

Intratextual signs such as the narrator contradicting himself, having gaps in memory, or lying to other characters.
Extratextual signs such as contradicting the reader's general world knowledge or impossibilities (within the parameters of logic)
Reader's literary competence.

How do you know if a narrator is reliable?

A reliable narrator will have some of these attributes:

Shares values with the implied author and the reader.
Accurately tells the story to the best of his ability.
Tries to stay objective or has no stake in the story.

Which type of narrator is the most reliable?

1. Reliable Protagonists. This is the kind of narrator most first person pieces use and most readers think of – a trustworthy character telling their own story.

How do you find the narrator?

You know a narrator is using third person when someone outside of the story is telling the story; the narrator isn't a character within the story. Look out for these pronouns: he, she, it, him, his, her, hers, they, them, and their. There are three different ways a narrator can use third person point of view.

What is second person point of view?

Second person point of view uses the pronoun “you” to address the reader. This narrative voice implies that the reader is either the protagonist or a character in the story and the events are happening to them.

What is the 3 person point of view?

In third-person point of view, the author is narrating a story about the characters, referring to them by name, or using the third-person pronouns “he,” “she,” and “they.” The other points of view in writing are first person and second person.

What is 2nd person examples?

The second-person point of view belongs to the person (or people) being addressed. This is the “you” perspective. Once again, the biggest indicator of the second person is the use of second-person pronouns: you, your, yours, yourself, yourselves. You can wait in here and make yourself at home.

What is 2nd person in English?

noun. the grammatical person used by the speaker of an utterance in referring to the one (second person singular ) or ones (second person plural ) to whom he or she is speaking. a pronoun or verb form in the second person, as the pronoun you in English, or a set of such forms.

Can you write in 2nd person?

Writing in the second person requires use of the pronouns you, your, and yours. It is different from the first person, which uses pronouns including I and me, and different from the third person, which uses pronouns such as he and she. ...

Which sentence is written in the second person?

Answer: The sentence that is written in second-person point of view is D. Wherever you go, there you are. Explanation: The second-person point of view is the "you" perspective. Unlike the first person point of view, it is used to refer to a person that is not the speaker.

Which sentence is written in second person point of view answers com?

The pronoun is the sentence is you. The pronoun takes the place of the name of the person spoken to (second person).

What are the rules of reported speech?